Meal sugar-protein balance determines postprandial FGF21 response in humans
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Meal sugar-protein balance determines postprandial FGF21 response in humans. / Ramne, Stina; Duizer, Lisanne; Nielsen, Mette S.; Jørgensen, Niklas Rye; Svenningsen, Jens S.; Grarup, Niels; Sjödin, Anders; Raben, Anne; Gillum, Matthew P.
In: American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vol. 325, No. 5, 2023, p. E491-E499.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Meal sugar-protein balance determines postprandial FGF21 response in humans
AU - Ramne, Stina
AU - Duizer, Lisanne
AU - Nielsen, Mette S.
AU - Jørgensen, Niklas Rye
AU - Svenningsen, Jens S.
AU - Grarup, Niels
AU - Sjödin, Anders
AU - Raben, Anne
AU - Gillum, Matthew P.
N1 - Publisher Copyright: Copyright © 2023 The Authors.
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Biological mechanisms to promote dietary balance remain unclear. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) has been suggested to contribute to such potential regulation considering that FGF21 1) is genetically associated with carbohydrate/sugar and protein intake in opposite directions, 2) is secreted after sugar ingestion and protein restriction, and 3) pharmacologically reduces sugar and increases protein intake in rodents. To gain insight of the nature of this potential regulation, we aimed to study macronutrient interactions in the secretory regulation of FGF21 in healthy humans. We conducted a randomized, double-blinded, crossover meal study (NCT05061485), wherein healthy volunteers consumed a sucrose drink, a sucrose þ protein drink, and a sucrose þ fat drink (matched sucrose content), and compared postprandial FGF21 responses between the three macronutrient combinations. Protein suppressed the sucrose-induced FGF21 secretion [incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for sucrose 484 ± 127 vs. sucrose þ protein -35 ± 49 pg/mL X h, P < 0.001]. The same could not be demonstrated for fat (iAUC 319 ± 102 pg/mL X h, P ¼ 203 for sucrose þ fat vs. sucrose). We found no indications that regulators of glycemic homeostasis could explain this effect. This indicates that FGF21 responds to disproportionate intake of sucrose relative to protein acutely within a meal, and that protein outweighs sucrose in FGF21 regulation. Together with previous findings, our results suggests that FGF21 might act to promote macronutrient balance and sufficient protein intake.
AB - Biological mechanisms to promote dietary balance remain unclear. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) has been suggested to contribute to such potential regulation considering that FGF21 1) is genetically associated with carbohydrate/sugar and protein intake in opposite directions, 2) is secreted after sugar ingestion and protein restriction, and 3) pharmacologically reduces sugar and increases protein intake in rodents. To gain insight of the nature of this potential regulation, we aimed to study macronutrient interactions in the secretory regulation of FGF21 in healthy humans. We conducted a randomized, double-blinded, crossover meal study (NCT05061485), wherein healthy volunteers consumed a sucrose drink, a sucrose þ protein drink, and a sucrose þ fat drink (matched sucrose content), and compared postprandial FGF21 responses between the three macronutrient combinations. Protein suppressed the sucrose-induced FGF21 secretion [incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for sucrose 484 ± 127 vs. sucrose þ protein -35 ± 49 pg/mL X h, P < 0.001]. The same could not be demonstrated for fat (iAUC 319 ± 102 pg/mL X h, P ¼ 203 for sucrose þ fat vs. sucrose). We found no indications that regulators of glycemic homeostasis could explain this effect. This indicates that FGF21 responds to disproportionate intake of sucrose relative to protein acutely within a meal, and that protein outweighs sucrose in FGF21 regulation. Together with previous findings, our results suggests that FGF21 might act to promote macronutrient balance and sufficient protein intake.
KW - fibroblast growth factor 21
KW - macronutrient balance
KW - meal study
KW - protein
KW - sucrose
U2 - 10.1152/ajpendo.00241.2023
DO - 10.1152/ajpendo.00241.2023
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 37729024
AN - SCOPUS:85174750890
VL - 325
SP - E491-E499
JO - American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism
JF - American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism
SN - 0193-1849
IS - 5
ER -
ID: 373512862