Ketamine reduces electrophysiological network activity in cortical neuron cultures already at sub-micromolar concentrations – Impact on TrkB-ERK1/2 signaling
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Ketamine reduces electrophysiological network activity in cortical neuron cultures already at sub-micromolar concentrations – Impact on TrkB-ERK1/2 signaling. / Ahtiainen, A.; Annala, I.; Rosenholm, M.; Kohtala, S.; Hyttinen, J.; Tanskanen, J. M.A.; Rantamäki, T.
In: Neuropharmacology, Vol. 229, 109481, 2023.Research output: Contribution to journal › Review › Research › peer-review
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T1 - Ketamine reduces electrophysiological network activity in cortical neuron cultures already at sub-micromolar concentrations – Impact on TrkB-ERK1/2 signaling
AU - Ahtiainen, A.
AU - Annala, I.
AU - Rosenholm, M.
AU - Kohtala, S.
AU - Hyttinen, J.
AU - Tanskanen, J. M.A.
AU - Rantamäki, T.
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - The dissociative anesthetic ketamine regulates cortical activity in a dose-dependent manner. Subanesthetic-dose ketamine has paradoxical excitatory effects which is proposed to facilitate brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) (a ligand of tropomyosin receptor kinase B, TrkB) signaling, and activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2). Previous data suggests that ketamine, at sub-micromolar concentrations, induces glutamatergic activity, BDNF release, and activation of ERK1/2 also on primary cortical neurons. We combined western blot analysis with multiwell-microelectrode array (mw-MEA) measurements to examine ketamine's concentration-dependent effects on network-level electrophysiological responses and TrkB-ERK1/2 phosphorylation in rat cortical cultures at 14 days in vitro. Ketamine did not cause an increase in neuronal network activity at sub-micromolar concentrations, but instead a decrease in spiking that was evident already at 500 nM concentration. TrkB phosphorylation was unaffected by the low concentrations, although BDNF elicited prominent phosphorylation response. High concentration of ketamine (10 μM) strongly reduced spiking, bursting and burst duration, which was accompanied with decreased phosphorylation of ERK1/2 but not TrkB. Notably, robust increases in spiking and bursting activity could be produced with carbachol, while it did not affect phosphorylation of TrkB or ERK1/2. Diazepam abolished neuronal activity, which was accompanied by reduced ERK1/2 phosphorylation without change on TrkB. In conclusion, sub-micromolar ketamine concentrations did not cause an increase in neuronal network activity or TrkB-ERK1/2 phosphorylation in cortical neuron cultures that readily respond to exogenously applied BDNF. Instead, pharmacological inhibition of network activity can be readily observed with high concentration of ketamine and it is associated with reduced ERK1/2 phosphorylation.
AB - The dissociative anesthetic ketamine regulates cortical activity in a dose-dependent manner. Subanesthetic-dose ketamine has paradoxical excitatory effects which is proposed to facilitate brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) (a ligand of tropomyosin receptor kinase B, TrkB) signaling, and activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2). Previous data suggests that ketamine, at sub-micromolar concentrations, induces glutamatergic activity, BDNF release, and activation of ERK1/2 also on primary cortical neurons. We combined western blot analysis with multiwell-microelectrode array (mw-MEA) measurements to examine ketamine's concentration-dependent effects on network-level electrophysiological responses and TrkB-ERK1/2 phosphorylation in rat cortical cultures at 14 days in vitro. Ketamine did not cause an increase in neuronal network activity at sub-micromolar concentrations, but instead a decrease in spiking that was evident already at 500 nM concentration. TrkB phosphorylation was unaffected by the low concentrations, although BDNF elicited prominent phosphorylation response. High concentration of ketamine (10 μM) strongly reduced spiking, bursting and burst duration, which was accompanied with decreased phosphorylation of ERK1/2 but not TrkB. Notably, robust increases in spiking and bursting activity could be produced with carbachol, while it did not affect phosphorylation of TrkB or ERK1/2. Diazepam abolished neuronal activity, which was accompanied by reduced ERK1/2 phosphorylation without change on TrkB. In conclusion, sub-micromolar ketamine concentrations did not cause an increase in neuronal network activity or TrkB-ERK1/2 phosphorylation in cortical neuron cultures that readily respond to exogenously applied BDNF. Instead, pharmacological inhibition of network activity can be readily observed with high concentration of ketamine and it is associated with reduced ERK1/2 phosphorylation.
KW - Cortical neuron culture
KW - Extracellular electrophysiology
KW - Ketamine
KW - Microelectrode array
KW - Neuronal activity
KW - TrkB phosphorylation
U2 - 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109481
DO - 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109481
M3 - Review
C2 - 36868403
AN - SCOPUS:85149454559
VL - 229
JO - Neuropharmacology
JF - Neuropharmacology
SN - 0028-3908
M1 - 109481
ER -
ID: 370118390