Jumping to Conclusions and Its Associations With Psychotic Experiences in Preadolescent Children at Familial High Risk of Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder-The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study, VIA 11
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Jumping to Conclusions and Its Associations With Psychotic Experiences in Preadolescent Children at Familial High Risk of Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder-The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study, VIA 11. / Gregersen, Maja; Rohd, Sinnika Birkehoj; Jepsen, Jens Richardt Møllegaard; Brandt, Julie Marie; Sondergaard, Anne; Hjorthoj, Carsten; Knudsen, Christina Bruun; Andreassen, Anna Krogh; Veddum, Lotte; Ohland, Jessica; Wilms, Martin; Krantz, Mette Falkenberg; Burton, Birgitte Klee; Greve, Aja; Bliksted, Vibeke; Mors, Ole; Clemmensen, Lars; Nordentoft, Merete; Thorup, Anne Amalie Elgaard; Hemager, Nicoline.
In: Schizophrenia Bulletin, Vol. 48, No. 6, 2022, p. 1363–1372.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Jumping to Conclusions and Its Associations With Psychotic Experiences in Preadolescent Children at Familial High Risk of Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder-The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study, VIA 11
AU - Gregersen, Maja
AU - Rohd, Sinnika Birkehoj
AU - Jepsen, Jens Richardt Møllegaard
AU - Brandt, Julie Marie
AU - Sondergaard, Anne
AU - Hjorthoj, Carsten
AU - Knudsen, Christina Bruun
AU - Andreassen, Anna Krogh
AU - Veddum, Lotte
AU - Ohland, Jessica
AU - Wilms, Martin
AU - Krantz, Mette Falkenberg
AU - Burton, Birgitte Klee
AU - Greve, Aja
AU - Bliksted, Vibeke
AU - Mors, Ole
AU - Clemmensen, Lars
AU - Nordentoft, Merete
AU - Thorup, Anne Amalie Elgaard
AU - Hemager, Nicoline
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - Background The jumping to conclusions (JTC) bias, ie, making decisions based on inadequate evidence, is associated with psychosis in adults and is believed to underlie the formation of delusions. Knowledge on the early manifestations of JTC and its associations with psychotic experiences (PE) in children and adolescents is lacking. Design Preadolescent children (mean age 11.9 y, SD 0.2) at familial high risk of schizophrenia (FHR-SZ, n = 169) or bipolar disorder (FHR-BP, n = 101), and controls (n = 173) were assessed with the Beads Task to examine JTC. The number of beads drawn before making a decision, "draws to decision" (DTD) was used as a primary outcome. PE were ascertained in face-to-face interviews. General intelligence was measured with Reynolds Intellectual Screening Test. Results Children at FHR-SZ took fewer DTD than controls (4.9 vs 5.9, Cohen's d = 0.31, P = .004). Differences were attenuated when adjusting for IQ (Cohen's d = 0.24, P = .02). Higher IQ was associated with a higher number of DTD (B = 0.073, P < .001). Current subclinical delusions compared with no PE were associated with fewer DTD in children at FHR-SZ (P = .04) and controls (P < .05). Associations between delusions and DTD were nullified when accounting for IQ. Conclusions JTC marks familial risk of psychosis in preadolescence, not reducible to general intelligence. JTC is associated with subclinical delusions, but this may be an expression of intellectual impairment. Future studies should establish temporality between JTC and delusion formation and examine JTC as a target for early intervention.
AB - Background The jumping to conclusions (JTC) bias, ie, making decisions based on inadequate evidence, is associated with psychosis in adults and is believed to underlie the formation of delusions. Knowledge on the early manifestations of JTC and its associations with psychotic experiences (PE) in children and adolescents is lacking. Design Preadolescent children (mean age 11.9 y, SD 0.2) at familial high risk of schizophrenia (FHR-SZ, n = 169) or bipolar disorder (FHR-BP, n = 101), and controls (n = 173) were assessed with the Beads Task to examine JTC. The number of beads drawn before making a decision, "draws to decision" (DTD) was used as a primary outcome. PE were ascertained in face-to-face interviews. General intelligence was measured with Reynolds Intellectual Screening Test. Results Children at FHR-SZ took fewer DTD than controls (4.9 vs 5.9, Cohen's d = 0.31, P = .004). Differences were attenuated when adjusting for IQ (Cohen's d = 0.24, P = .02). Higher IQ was associated with a higher number of DTD (B = 0.073, P < .001). Current subclinical delusions compared with no PE were associated with fewer DTD in children at FHR-SZ (P = .04) and controls (P < .05). Associations between delusions and DTD were nullified when accounting for IQ. Conclusions JTC marks familial risk of psychosis in preadolescence, not reducible to general intelligence. JTC is associated with subclinical delusions, but this may be an expression of intellectual impairment. Future studies should establish temporality between JTC and delusion formation and examine JTC as a target for early intervention.
KW - childhood
KW - adolescence
KW - cognitive bias
KW - delusions
KW - subclinical psychosis
KW - METACOGNITIVE TRAINING MCT
KW - DELUSIONAL IDEATION
KW - POSITIVE SYMPTOMS
KW - COGNITIVE MODEL
KW - BIASES
KW - METAANALYSIS
KW - CONVICTION
KW - EFFICACY
KW - BELIEFS
KW - PEOPLE
U2 - 10.1093/schbul/sbac060
DO - 10.1093/schbul/sbac060
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 35849023
VL - 48
SP - 1363
EP - 1372
JO - Schizophrenia Bulletin
JF - Schizophrenia Bulletin
SN - 0586-7614
IS - 6
ER -
ID: 314623750