TY - JOUR

T1 - Incidence of hypertension in people with HIV infection

T2 - a longitudinal observational study

AU - Gelpi, Marco

AU - Karvig, Luanna Uchoa

AU - Knudsen, Andreas Dehlbæk

AU - Sørensen, Edith Wolder

AU - Benfield, Thomas

AU - Afzal, Shoaib

AU - Nielsen, Susanne Dam

N1 - Funding Information: M.G., L.U.K., A.D.K., E.W.S., T.B., S.A.: no conflicts of interest; S.D.N.: unrestricted research grants from Novo Nordisk Foundation, Lundbeck Foundation, Augustinus Foundation, Rigshospitalet Research Council. Travelling grants from Gilead and GSK/ViiV. Advisory board activity for Gilead and GSK/ViiV. Funding Information: Funding: The study was supported by the Research Foundation of Rigshospitalet, Novo Nordisk Fonden, Region Hovedstaden and Gilead. The funder had no part in the design of the study, the collection, analysis, or interpretation of data or publication. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. All rights reserved.

PY - 2023

Y1 - 2023

N2 - Objective:Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in people with HIV (PWH). Although hypertension is a well-known risk factor for CVD, studies investigating incident hypertension in PWH and its risk factors are scarce. In the present study, we set out to investigate incident hypertension and its predictors in the context of well-treated HIV infection.Methods:We included 532 PWH from the Copenhagen Comorbidity in HIV (COCOMO study). All included individuals took part in both baseline and 2.5 years follow-up examinations. Linear and Poisson regression were used to test our hypotheses, both before and after adjusting for confounders.Results:One hundred and five (19.7%) cases of incident hypertension occurred during 1217 person-years of follow-up (PYFU), corresponding to 8.5 cases per 100 PYFU. Waist-hip-ratio (relative risk (RR) 1.61 [1.34-1.94] and adjusted RR (aRR) 1.54 [1.24-1.91]) and central obesity (RR 2.41 [1.61-3.61] and aRR 2.29 [1.49, 3.52]) were significantly associated with this condition. No HIV-specific factors were found to be associated with incident hypertension.Conclusions:In the present study, the incidence rate of hypertension in well-treated PWH was comparable to that of the general population from similar socio-economic settings. Traditional risk factors, in particular age and indices of adipose tissue accumulation, were associated with incident hypertension.Our results may further underline the pivotal importance of focusing on lifestyle changes and weight loss, rather than on HIV-specific factors, in order to prevent incident hypertension in well-treated PWH.

AB - Objective:Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in people with HIV (PWH). Although hypertension is a well-known risk factor for CVD, studies investigating incident hypertension in PWH and its risk factors are scarce. In the present study, we set out to investigate incident hypertension and its predictors in the context of well-treated HIV infection.Methods:We included 532 PWH from the Copenhagen Comorbidity in HIV (COCOMO study). All included individuals took part in both baseline and 2.5 years follow-up examinations. Linear and Poisson regression were used to test our hypotheses, both before and after adjusting for confounders.Results:One hundred and five (19.7%) cases of incident hypertension occurred during 1217 person-years of follow-up (PYFU), corresponding to 8.5 cases per 100 PYFU. Waist-hip-ratio (relative risk (RR) 1.61 [1.34-1.94] and adjusted RR (aRR) 1.54 [1.24-1.91]) and central obesity (RR 2.41 [1.61-3.61] and aRR 2.29 [1.49, 3.52]) were significantly associated with this condition. No HIV-specific factors were found to be associated with incident hypertension.Conclusions:In the present study, the incidence rate of hypertension in well-treated PWH was comparable to that of the general population from similar socio-economic settings. Traditional risk factors, in particular age and indices of adipose tissue accumulation, were associated with incident hypertension.Our results may further underline the pivotal importance of focusing on lifestyle changes and weight loss, rather than on HIV-specific factors, in order to prevent incident hypertension in well-treated PWH.

KW - cardiovascular disease

KW - comorbidities

KW - HIV infection

KW - obesity

U2 - 10.1097/QAD.0000000000003609

DO - 10.1097/QAD.0000000000003609

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 37260273

AN - SCOPUS:85166442356

VL - 37

SP - 1705

EP - 1709

JO - AIDS

JF - AIDS

SN - 1350-2840

IS - 11

ER -