High plasma glutamate and low glutamine-to-glutamate ratio are associated with type 2 diabetes: Case-cohort study within the PREDIMED trial
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High plasma glutamate and low glutamine-to-glutamate ratio are associated with type 2 diabetes : Case-cohort study within the PREDIMED trial. / Liu, Xiaoran; Zheng, Yan; Guasch-Ferré, Marta; Ruiz-Canela, Miguel; Toledo, Estefanía; Clish, Clary; Liang, Liming; Razquin, Cristina; Corella, Dolores; Estruch, Ramón; Fito, Montserrat; Gómez-Gracia, Enrique; Arós, Fernando; Ros, Emilio; Lapetra, José; Fiol, Miquel; Serra-Majem, Lluis; Papandreou, Christopher; Martínez-González, Miguel A; Hu, Frank B; Salas-Salvadó, Jordi.
In: Nutrition, Metabolism & Cardiovascular Diseases, Vol. 29, No. 10, 2019, p. 1040-1049.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - High plasma glutamate and low glutamine-to-glutamate ratio are associated with type 2 diabetes
T2 - Case-cohort study within the PREDIMED trial
AU - Liu, Xiaoran
AU - Zheng, Yan
AU - Guasch-Ferré, Marta
AU - Ruiz-Canela, Miguel
AU - Toledo, Estefanía
AU - Clish, Clary
AU - Liang, Liming
AU - Razquin, Cristina
AU - Corella, Dolores
AU - Estruch, Ramón
AU - Fito, Montserrat
AU - Gómez-Gracia, Enrique
AU - Arós, Fernando
AU - Ros, Emilio
AU - Lapetra, José
AU - Fiol, Miquel
AU - Serra-Majem, Lluis
AU - Papandreou, Christopher
AU - Martínez-González, Miguel A
AU - Hu, Frank B
AU - Salas-Salvadó, Jordi
N1 - Copyright © 2019 The Italian Society of Diabetology, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition, and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Glutamate, glutamine are involved in energy metabolism, and have been related to cardiometabolic disorders. However, their roles in the development of type-2 diabetes (T2D) remain unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of Mediterranean diet on associations between glutamine, glutamate, glutamine-to-glutamate ratio, and risk of new-onset T2D in a Spanish population at high risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD).METHODS AND RESULTS: The present study was built within the PREDIMED trial using a case-cohort design including 892 participants with 251 incident T2D cases and 641 non-cases. Participants (mean age 66.3 years; female 62.8%) were non diabetic and at high risk for CVD at baseline. Plasma levels of glutamine and glutamate were measured at baseline and after 1-year of intervention. Higher glutamate levels at baseline were associated with increased risk of T2D with a hazard ratio (HR) of 2.78 (95% CI, 1.43-5.41, P for trend = 0.0002). In contrast, baseline levels of glutamine (HR: 0.64, 95% CI, 0.36-1.12; P for trend = 0.04) and glutamine-to-glutamate ratio (HR: 0.31, 95% CI, 0.16-0.57; P for trend = 0.0001) were inversely associated with T2D risk when comparing extreme quartiles. The two Mediterranean diets (MedDiet + EVOO and MedDiet + mixed nuts) did not alter levels of glutamine and glutamate after intervention for 1 year. However, MedDiet mitigated the positive association between higher baseline plasma glutamate and T2D risk (P for interaction = 0.01).CONCLUSION: Higher levels of glutamate and lower levels of glutamine were associated with increased risk of T2D in a Spanish population at high risk for CVD. Mediterranean diet might mitigate the association between the imbalance of glutamine and glutamate and T2D risk. This trial is registered at http://www.controlled-trials.com, ISRCTN35739639.
AB - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Glutamate, glutamine are involved in energy metabolism, and have been related to cardiometabolic disorders. However, their roles in the development of type-2 diabetes (T2D) remain unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of Mediterranean diet on associations between glutamine, glutamate, glutamine-to-glutamate ratio, and risk of new-onset T2D in a Spanish population at high risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD).METHODS AND RESULTS: The present study was built within the PREDIMED trial using a case-cohort design including 892 participants with 251 incident T2D cases and 641 non-cases. Participants (mean age 66.3 years; female 62.8%) were non diabetic and at high risk for CVD at baseline. Plasma levels of glutamine and glutamate were measured at baseline and after 1-year of intervention. Higher glutamate levels at baseline were associated with increased risk of T2D with a hazard ratio (HR) of 2.78 (95% CI, 1.43-5.41, P for trend = 0.0002). In contrast, baseline levels of glutamine (HR: 0.64, 95% CI, 0.36-1.12; P for trend = 0.04) and glutamine-to-glutamate ratio (HR: 0.31, 95% CI, 0.16-0.57; P for trend = 0.0001) were inversely associated with T2D risk when comparing extreme quartiles. The two Mediterranean diets (MedDiet + EVOO and MedDiet + mixed nuts) did not alter levels of glutamine and glutamate after intervention for 1 year. However, MedDiet mitigated the positive association between higher baseline plasma glutamate and T2D risk (P for interaction = 0.01).CONCLUSION: Higher levels of glutamate and lower levels of glutamine were associated with increased risk of T2D in a Spanish population at high risk for CVD. Mediterranean diet might mitigate the association between the imbalance of glutamine and glutamate and T2D risk. This trial is registered at http://www.controlled-trials.com, ISRCTN35739639.
KW - Aged
KW - Aged, 80 and over
KW - Biomarkers/blood
KW - Cardiovascular Diseases/blood
KW - Case-Control Studies
KW - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood
KW - Diet, Healthy
KW - Diet, Mediterranean
KW - Female
KW - Glutamic Acid/blood
KW - Glutamine/blood
KW - Humans
KW - Incidence
KW - Male
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Primary Prevention/methods
KW - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
KW - Spain/epidemiology
KW - Time Factors
KW - Treatment Outcome
U2 - 10.1016/j.numecd.2019.06.005
DO - 10.1016/j.numecd.2019.06.005
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 31377179
VL - 29
SP - 1040
EP - 1049
JO - Nutrition, Metabolism & Cardiovascular Diseases
JF - Nutrition, Metabolism & Cardiovascular Diseases
SN - 0939-4753
IS - 10
ER -
ID: 357989915