Elevated plasma apolipoprotein E levels in people living with HIV: Associations with biomarkers and HIV-specific risk factors
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Background and aims: Apolipoprotein E (apoE) plays a crucial role in cholesterol metabolism, and high levels of apoE in plasma are associated with cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. We aimed to assess if HIV is independently associated with high plasma apoE and to determine HIV-related risk factors for high plasma apoE. Methods: We included 661 people with HIV (PWH) from the Copenhagen Comorbidity in HIV (COCOMO) study with available measurement of plasma apoE. COCOMO participants were frequency matched 1:1 on age and sex with controls from the Copenhagen General Population Study. High plasma apoE was defined as levels above the 90th percentile (66.2 mg/L). The association between HIV and high plasma apoE was assessed using logistic regression models. Among PWH, both linear and logistic regression models were used to determine HIV-specific risk factors for high plasma apoE. Results: Mean age was 52 years and 89 % were male. Median plasma apoE was 49.0 mg/L in PWH and 43.3 mg/L in controls, p < 0.001. HIV was associated with higher plasma apoE after adjusting for potential confounders, including triglycerides (odds ratio 2.14 [95 % CI: 1.39–3.29], p < 0.001). In PWH, higher plasma apoE was associated with a previous AIDS-defining condition in linear models before adjustment for triglycerides and integrase strand transfer inhibitor use in fully adjusted linear models. Conclusions: PWH had higher plasma apoE than controls even after adjusting for triglycerides. Further studies are needed to elucidate the clinical impact of high plasma apoE in PWH.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 117457 |
Journal | Atherosclerosis |
Volume | 390 |
Number of pages | 6 |
ISSN | 0021-9150 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2024 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 The Authors
- Antiretroviral treatment, APOE, Apolipoprotein E, HIV, Human immunodeficiency virus, Triglycerides
Research areas
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