Determinants of time trial performance and maximal incremental exercise in highly trained endurance athletes
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Determinants of time trial performance and maximal incremental exercise in highly trained endurance athletes. / Jacobs, Robert Acton; Rasmussen, Peter; Siebenmann, Christoph; Díaz, Víctor; Gassmann, Max; Pesta, Dominik; Gnaiger, Erich; Nordsborg, Nikolai Baastrup; Robach, Paul; Lundby, Carsten.
In: Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol. 111, No. 5, 2011, p. 1422-1430.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Determinants of time trial performance and maximal incremental exercise in highly trained endurance athletes
AU - Jacobs, Robert Acton
AU - Rasmussen, Peter
AU - Siebenmann, Christoph
AU - Díaz, Víctor
AU - Gassmann, Max
AU - Pesta, Dominik
AU - Gnaiger, Erich
AU - Nordsborg, Nikolai Baastrup
AU - Robach, Paul
AU - Lundby, Carsten
N1 - CURIS 2011 5200 092
PY - 2011
Y1 - 2011
N2 - Human endurance performance can be predicted from maximal oxygen consumption (VO(2max)), lactate threshold, and exercise efficiency. These physiologic parameters, however, are not wholly exclusive from one another and their interplay is complex. Accordingly, we sought to identify more specific measurements explaining the range of performance among athletes. Out of 150 separate variables we identified 10 principal factors responsible for hematological, cardiovascular, respiratory, musculoskeletal, and neurologic variation in 16 highly trained cyclists. These principal factors were then correlated with a 26 km time trial and test of maximal incremental power output. Average power output during the 26 km time trial was attributed to, in order of importance, oxidative phosphorylation capacity of the m. vastus lateralis (p=0.0005), steady state submaximal blood lactate concentrations (p=0.0017), and maximal leg oxygenation (O(2LEG)) (p=0.0295) accounting for 78% of the variation in time trial performance. Variability in maximal power output, on the other hand, was attributed to total body hemoglobin mass (Hb(mass); p=0.0038), VO(2max) (p=0.0213), and O(2LEG) (p=0.0463). In conclusion: 1) Skeletal muscle oxidative capacity is the primary predictor of time trial performance in highly trained cyclists; 2) The strongest predictor for maximal incremental power output is Hb(mass); and 3) Overall exercise performance (time trial performance + maximal incremental power output) correlates most strongly to measures regarding the capability for oxygen transport, high VO(2max) and Hb(mass), in addition to measures of oxygen utilization, maximal oxidative phosphorylation and electron transport system capacities in the skeletal muscle.
AB - Human endurance performance can be predicted from maximal oxygen consumption (VO(2max)), lactate threshold, and exercise efficiency. These physiologic parameters, however, are not wholly exclusive from one another and their interplay is complex. Accordingly, we sought to identify more specific measurements explaining the range of performance among athletes. Out of 150 separate variables we identified 10 principal factors responsible for hematological, cardiovascular, respiratory, musculoskeletal, and neurologic variation in 16 highly trained cyclists. These principal factors were then correlated with a 26 km time trial and test of maximal incremental power output. Average power output during the 26 km time trial was attributed to, in order of importance, oxidative phosphorylation capacity of the m. vastus lateralis (p=0.0005), steady state submaximal blood lactate concentrations (p=0.0017), and maximal leg oxygenation (O(2LEG)) (p=0.0295) accounting for 78% of the variation in time trial performance. Variability in maximal power output, on the other hand, was attributed to total body hemoglobin mass (Hb(mass); p=0.0038), VO(2max) (p=0.0213), and O(2LEG) (p=0.0463). In conclusion: 1) Skeletal muscle oxidative capacity is the primary predictor of time trial performance in highly trained cyclists; 2) The strongest predictor for maximal incremental power output is Hb(mass); and 3) Overall exercise performance (time trial performance + maximal incremental power output) correlates most strongly to measures regarding the capability for oxygen transport, high VO(2max) and Hb(mass), in addition to measures of oxygen utilization, maximal oxidative phosphorylation and electron transport system capacities in the skeletal muscle.
U2 - 10.1152/japplphysiol.00625.2011
DO - 10.1152/japplphysiol.00625.2011
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 21885805
VL - 111
SP - 1422
EP - 1430
JO - Journal of Applied Physiology
JF - Journal of Applied Physiology
SN - 8750-7587
IS - 5
ER -
ID: 34409292