Atopic diseases—Diagnostics, mechanisms, and exposures
Research output: Contribution to journal › Review › Research › peer-review
Standard
Atopic diseases—Diagnostics, mechanisms, and exposures. / Schoos, Ann Marie Malby.
In: Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Vol. 35, No. 7, e14198, 2024.Research output: Contribution to journal › Review › Research › peer-review
Harvard
APA
Vancouver
Author
Bibtex
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
T1 - Atopic diseases—Diagnostics, mechanisms, and exposures
AU - Schoos, Ann Marie Malby
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s). Pediatric Allergy and Immunology published by European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - Epidemiological data suggest that atopic diseases begin in early life and that most cases present clinically during early childhood. The diseases are highly prevalent and increase as communities adopt western lifestyles. Disentangling the pathophysiological mechanisms leading to disease debut is necessary to identify beneficial/harmful exposures so that successful prevention and treatment can be generated. The objective of this review is to explore the definition of atopy and mechanisms of atopic diseases, and to investigate the importance of environmental factors in early life, prior to disease development. First, the distribution of sIgE levels in children is investigated, as this is one of the main criteria for the definition of atopy. Thereafter, it is explored how studies of parental atopic status, sensitization patterns, and early debut and severity of atopic dermatitis have substantiated the theory of an early-life window of opportunity for intervention that precedes the development of atopic diseases in childhood. Then, it is examined whether early-life exposures such as breastfeeding, dogs, cats, and house dust mites in the home perinatally constitute important influencers in this crucial time of life. Finally, it is discussed how these findings could be validated in randomized controlled trials, which might prepare the ground for improved diagnostics and prevention strategies to mitigate the current atopic pandemic.
AB - Epidemiological data suggest that atopic diseases begin in early life and that most cases present clinically during early childhood. The diseases are highly prevalent and increase as communities adopt western lifestyles. Disentangling the pathophysiological mechanisms leading to disease debut is necessary to identify beneficial/harmful exposures so that successful prevention and treatment can be generated. The objective of this review is to explore the definition of atopy and mechanisms of atopic diseases, and to investigate the importance of environmental factors in early life, prior to disease development. First, the distribution of sIgE levels in children is investigated, as this is one of the main criteria for the definition of atopy. Thereafter, it is explored how studies of parental atopic status, sensitization patterns, and early debut and severity of atopic dermatitis have substantiated the theory of an early-life window of opportunity for intervention that precedes the development of atopic diseases in childhood. Then, it is examined whether early-life exposures such as breastfeeding, dogs, cats, and house dust mites in the home perinatally constitute important influencers in this crucial time of life. Finally, it is discussed how these findings could be validated in randomized controlled trials, which might prepare the ground for improved diagnostics and prevention strategies to mitigate the current atopic pandemic.
KW - allergic rhinitis
KW - asthma
KW - atopic dermatitis
KW - atopic disease
KW - breastfeeding
KW - children
KW - early exposures
KW - house dust mite
KW - mechanisms
KW - pets
U2 - 10.1111/pai.14198
DO - 10.1111/pai.14198
M3 - Review
C2 - 39016386
AN - SCOPUS:85198667678
VL - 35
JO - Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Supplement
JF - Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Supplement
SN - 0906-5784
IS - 7
M1 - e14198
ER -
ID: 399062507