Ambient air pollutants and breast cancer stage in Tehran, Iran
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Ambient air pollutants and breast cancer stage in Tehran, Iran. / Khorrami, Zahra; Pourkhosravani, Mohsen; Karamoozian, Ali; Jafari-Khounigh, Ali; Akbari, Mohammad Esmaeil; Rezapour, Maysam; Khorrami, Reihaneh; Taghavi-Shahri, Seyed Mahmood; Amini, Heresh; Etemad, Koorosh; Khanjani, Narges.
In: Scientific Reports, Vol. 14, No. 1, 3873, 2024.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Ambient air pollutants and breast cancer stage in Tehran, Iran
AU - Khorrami, Zahra
AU - Pourkhosravani, Mohsen
AU - Karamoozian, Ali
AU - Jafari-Khounigh, Ali
AU - Akbari, Mohammad Esmaeil
AU - Rezapour, Maysam
AU - Khorrami, Reihaneh
AU - Taghavi-Shahri, Seyed Mahmood
AU - Amini, Heresh
AU - Etemad, Koorosh
AU - Khanjani, Narges
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © The Author(s) 2024.
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - This study aimed to examine the impacts of single and multiple air pollutants (AP) on the severity of breast cancer (BC). Data of 1148 diagnosed BC cases (2008–2016) were obtained from the Cancer Research Center and private oncologist offices in Tehran, Iran. Ambient PM10, SO2, NO, NO2, NOX, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m-xylene, p-xylene, o-xylene, and BTEX data were obtained from previously developed land use regression models. Associations between pollutants and stage of BC were assessed by multinomial logistic regression models. An increase of 10 μg/m3 in ethylbenzene, o-xylene, m-xylene, and 10 ppb of NO corresponded to 10.41 (95% CI 1.32–82.41), 4.07 (1.46–11.33), 2.89 (1.08–7.73) and 1.08 (1.00–1.15) increase in the odds of stage I versus non-invasive BC, respectively. Benzene (OR, odds ratio = 1.16, 95% CI 1.01–1.33) and o-xylene (OR = 1.18, 1.02–1.38) were associated with increased odds of incidence of BC stages III & IV versus non-invasive stages. BC stage I and stage III&IV in women living in low SES areas was associated with significantly higher levels of benzene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, and m-xylene. The highest multiple-air-pollutants quartile was associated with a higher odds of stage I BC (OR = 3.16) in patients under 50 years old. This study provides evidence that exposure to AP is associated with increased BC stage at diagnosis, especially under premenopause age.
AB - This study aimed to examine the impacts of single and multiple air pollutants (AP) on the severity of breast cancer (BC). Data of 1148 diagnosed BC cases (2008–2016) were obtained from the Cancer Research Center and private oncologist offices in Tehran, Iran. Ambient PM10, SO2, NO, NO2, NOX, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m-xylene, p-xylene, o-xylene, and BTEX data were obtained from previously developed land use regression models. Associations between pollutants and stage of BC were assessed by multinomial logistic regression models. An increase of 10 μg/m3 in ethylbenzene, o-xylene, m-xylene, and 10 ppb of NO corresponded to 10.41 (95% CI 1.32–82.41), 4.07 (1.46–11.33), 2.89 (1.08–7.73) and 1.08 (1.00–1.15) increase in the odds of stage I versus non-invasive BC, respectively. Benzene (OR, odds ratio = 1.16, 95% CI 1.01–1.33) and o-xylene (OR = 1.18, 1.02–1.38) were associated with increased odds of incidence of BC stages III & IV versus non-invasive stages. BC stage I and stage III&IV in women living in low SES areas was associated with significantly higher levels of benzene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, and m-xylene. The highest multiple-air-pollutants quartile was associated with a higher odds of stage I BC (OR = 3.16) in patients under 50 years old. This study provides evidence that exposure to AP is associated with increased BC stage at diagnosis, especially under premenopause age.
U2 - 10.1038/s41598-024-53038-8
DO - 10.1038/s41598-024-53038-8
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 38365800
AN - SCOPUS:85185246431
VL - 14
JO - Scientific Reports
JF - Scientific Reports
SN - 2045-2322
IS - 1
M1 - 3873
ER -
ID: 385643955