Willingness to pay for reduced visual disamenities from off-shore wind farms in Denmark
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Willingness to pay for reduced visual disamenities from off-shore wind farms in Denmark. / Ladenburg, Jacob; Dubgaard, Alex.
2006. Paper præsenteret ved The World Congress of Environmental and Resource Economists, Kyoto, Japan.Publikation: Konferencebidrag › Paper › Forskning
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TY - CONF
T1 - Willingness to pay for reduced visual disamenities from off-shore wind farms in Denmark
AU - Ladenburg, Jacob
AU - Dubgaard, Alex
N1 - Conference code: 3
PY - 2006
Y1 - 2006
N2 - Expansion of the off-shore wind power capacity plays a significant role in the wind power strategy in many EU countries. However, off-shore wind farms are associated with visual disamenities. The disamenities can be reduced by locating the wind farms at larger distances from the coast. But, the costs per kWh produced increase as the distance is augmented. In this paper, peoples’ willingness to pay for a reduction in the visual disamenity of off-shore wind farms is elicited using the economic valuation method Choice Experiments. The economic valuation scenario comprises the locations of 3600 MW of future off-shore wind farms at; 12 km, 18 km and 50 km from the shore, relative to an 8 km baseline. Using a fixed effect logit model, the average willingness to pay, as an additional annual amount for electricity, are estimated to be 46, 96 and 122 euros/household/year for locating wind farms at 12, 18 and 50 km from the coast opposed to 8 km. The results also reveal that the WTP deviate strongly with regards to the age of the respondent and the experiences with off-shore wind farms. These properties of the WTP are believed to have significant policy related consequences. Keywords: Visual Disamenities, off-shore wind farms, choice experiments, fixed effect logit, willingness to pay.
AB - Expansion of the off-shore wind power capacity plays a significant role in the wind power strategy in many EU countries. However, off-shore wind farms are associated with visual disamenities. The disamenities can be reduced by locating the wind farms at larger distances from the coast. But, the costs per kWh produced increase as the distance is augmented. In this paper, peoples’ willingness to pay for a reduction in the visual disamenity of off-shore wind farms is elicited using the economic valuation method Choice Experiments. The economic valuation scenario comprises the locations of 3600 MW of future off-shore wind farms at; 12 km, 18 km and 50 km from the shore, relative to an 8 km baseline. Using a fixed effect logit model, the average willingness to pay, as an additional annual amount for electricity, are estimated to be 46, 96 and 122 euros/household/year for locating wind farms at 12, 18 and 50 km from the coast opposed to 8 km. The results also reveal that the WTP deviate strongly with regards to the age of the respondent and the experiences with off-shore wind farms. These properties of the WTP are believed to have significant policy related consequences. Keywords: Visual Disamenities, off-shore wind farms, choice experiments, fixed effect logit, willingness to pay.
KW - Former LIFE faculty
KW - Visual disamenities
KW - Offf-shore wind farms
KW - Choice experiments
KW - Fixed effect logit
KW - Willingness to pay
M3 - Paper
Y2 - 3 July 2006 through 7 July 2006
ER -
ID: 8019349