Multi-proxy analyses of a mid-15th century Middle Iron Age Bantu-speaker palaeo-faecal specimen elucidates the configuration of the 'ancestral' sub-Saharan African intestinal microbiome
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Multi-proxy analyses of a mid-15th century Middle Iron Age Bantu-speaker palaeo-faecal specimen elucidates the configuration of the 'ancestral' sub-Saharan African intestinal microbiome. / Rifkin, Riaan F.; Vikram, Surendra; Ramond, Jean Baptiste; Rey-Iglesia, Alba; Brand, Tina B.; Porraz, Guillaume; Val, Aurore; Hall, Grant; Woodborne, Stephan; Le Bailly, Matthieu; Potgieter, Marnie; Underdown, Simon J.; Koopman, Jessica E.; Cowan, Don A.; Van De Peer, Yves; Willerslev, Eske; Hansen, Anders J.
I: Microbiome, Bind 8, Nr. 1, 62, 06.05.2020.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Multi-proxy analyses of a mid-15th century Middle Iron Age Bantu-speaker palaeo-faecal specimen elucidates the configuration of the 'ancestral' sub-Saharan African intestinal microbiome
AU - Rifkin, Riaan F.
AU - Vikram, Surendra
AU - Ramond, Jean Baptiste
AU - Rey-Iglesia, Alba
AU - Brand, Tina B.
AU - Porraz, Guillaume
AU - Val, Aurore
AU - Hall, Grant
AU - Woodborne, Stephan
AU - Le Bailly, Matthieu
AU - Potgieter, Marnie
AU - Underdown, Simon J.
AU - Koopman, Jessica E.
AU - Cowan, Don A.
AU - Van De Peer, Yves
AU - Willerslev, Eske
AU - Hansen, Anders J.
PY - 2020/5/6
Y1 - 2020/5/6
N2 - Background: The archaeological incidence of ancient human faecal material provides a rare opportunity to explore the taxonomic composition and metabolic capacity of the ancestral human intestinal microbiome (IM). Here, we report the results of the shotgun metagenomic analyses of an ancient South African palaeo-faecal specimen. Methods: Following the recovery of a single desiccated palaeo-faecal specimen from Bushman Rock Shelter in Limpopo Province, South Africa, we applied a multi-proxy analytical protocol to the sample. The extraction of ancient DNA from the specimen and its subsequent shotgun metagenomic sequencing facilitated the taxonomic and metabolic characterisation of this ancient human IM. Results: Our results indicate that the distal IM of the Neolithic 'Middle Iron Age' (c. AD 1460) Bantu-speaking individual exhibits features indicative of a largely mixed forager-agro-pastoralist diet. Subsequent comparison with the IMs of the Tyrolean Iceman (Ötzi) and contemporary Hadza hunter-gatherers, Malawian agro-pastoralists and Italians reveals that this IM precedes recent adaptation to 'Western' diets, including the consumption of coffee, tea, chocolate, citrus and soy, and the use of antibiotics, analgesics and also exposure to various toxic environmental pollutants. Conclusions: Our analyses reveal some of the causes and means by which current human IMs are likely to have responded to recent dietary changes, prescription medications and environmental pollutants, providing rare insight into human IM evolution following the advent of the Neolithic c. 12,000 years ago. [MediaObject not available: see fulltext.]
AB - Background: The archaeological incidence of ancient human faecal material provides a rare opportunity to explore the taxonomic composition and metabolic capacity of the ancestral human intestinal microbiome (IM). Here, we report the results of the shotgun metagenomic analyses of an ancient South African palaeo-faecal specimen. Methods: Following the recovery of a single desiccated palaeo-faecal specimen from Bushman Rock Shelter in Limpopo Province, South Africa, we applied a multi-proxy analytical protocol to the sample. The extraction of ancient DNA from the specimen and its subsequent shotgun metagenomic sequencing facilitated the taxonomic and metabolic characterisation of this ancient human IM. Results: Our results indicate that the distal IM of the Neolithic 'Middle Iron Age' (c. AD 1460) Bantu-speaking individual exhibits features indicative of a largely mixed forager-agro-pastoralist diet. Subsequent comparison with the IMs of the Tyrolean Iceman (Ötzi) and contemporary Hadza hunter-gatherers, Malawian agro-pastoralists and Italians reveals that this IM precedes recent adaptation to 'Western' diets, including the consumption of coffee, tea, chocolate, citrus and soy, and the use of antibiotics, analgesics and also exposure to various toxic environmental pollutants. Conclusions: Our analyses reveal some of the causes and means by which current human IMs are likely to have responded to recent dietary changes, prescription medications and environmental pollutants, providing rare insight into human IM evolution following the advent of the Neolithic c. 12,000 years ago. [MediaObject not available: see fulltext.]
KW - Ancient DNA
KW - Human evolution
KW - Intestinal microbiome
KW - Metabolic capacity
KW - Molecular ecology
KW - Taxonomic composition
U2 - 10.1186/s40168-020-00832-x
DO - 10.1186/s40168-020-00832-x
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 32375874
AN - SCOPUS:85084328125
VL - 8
JO - Microbiome
JF - Microbiome
SN - 2049-2618
IS - 1
M1 - 62
ER -
ID: 243248267