TY - JOUR

T1 - Long-term Safety of Treatment with Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Patients with Radiation-Induced Xerostomia

T2 - Primary Results of the MESRIX Phase I/II Randomized Trial

AU - Lynggaard, Charlotte Duch

AU - Grønhøj, Christian

AU - Jensen, Siri B.

AU - Christensen, Robin

AU - Specht, Lena

AU - Andersen, Elo

AU - Andersen, Tobias T.

AU - Ciochon, Urszula M.

AU - Rathje, Gulla S.

AU - Hansen, Adam E.

AU - Stampe, Helene

AU - Fischer-Nielsen, Anne

AU - Von Buchwald, Christian

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Authors.

PY - 2022

Y1 - 2022

N2 - Purpose: Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell therapy may reduce radiation-induced xerostomia. We investigated the long-term safety of autologous adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (ASC) injections into the submandibular glands. Experimental Design: An investigator-initiated, randomized, single-center, placebo-controlled trial. Previous patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma with radiation-induced xerostomia were randomly (1:1) allocated to receive a 2.8 million ASCs/cm3 injection or placebo in both submandibular glands and followed for a minimum of 2 years. The primary endpoint was number of serious adverse events (SAE). Secondary endpoints included whole saliva flow rates and xerostomia-related symptoms. Data analysis was based on the intention-to-treat population using repeated measures mixed-effects linear models. Results: Thirty-three patients were randomized; 30 patients were treated (ASC group, n = 15; placebo group, n = 15). Longterm safety data were collected from all 30 patients. During follow-up, 6 of 15 (40%) of the ASC-treated patients versus 5 of 15 (33%) of the placebo patients experienced an SAE; no SAEs appeared to be treatment related. Unstimulated whole saliva flow rate increased to 0.20 and 0.16 mL/minute in the ASC and placebo group, respectively, yielding a 0.05 mL/minute (95% confidence interval: 0.00-0.10; P = 0.051) difference between groups. Patient-reported xerostomia symptoms diminished according to a decreased xerostomia questionnaire summary score of 35.0 and 45.1, respectively [-10.1 (-18.1 to -2.2); P = 0.013]. Three of the visual analog scale xerostomia measures indicated clinical benefit following use of ASC. Conclusions:Our data show that ASC therapy is safe with a clinically relevant effect on xerostomia-related symptoms. Confirmation in larger randomized controlled trials is warranted.

AB - Purpose: Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell therapy may reduce radiation-induced xerostomia. We investigated the long-term safety of autologous adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (ASC) injections into the submandibular glands. Experimental Design: An investigator-initiated, randomized, single-center, placebo-controlled trial. Previous patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma with radiation-induced xerostomia were randomly (1:1) allocated to receive a 2.8 million ASCs/cm3 injection or placebo in both submandibular glands and followed for a minimum of 2 years. The primary endpoint was number of serious adverse events (SAE). Secondary endpoints included whole saliva flow rates and xerostomia-related symptoms. Data analysis was based on the intention-to-treat population using repeated measures mixed-effects linear models. Results: Thirty-three patients were randomized; 30 patients were treated (ASC group, n = 15; placebo group, n = 15). Longterm safety data were collected from all 30 patients. During follow-up, 6 of 15 (40%) of the ASC-treated patients versus 5 of 15 (33%) of the placebo patients experienced an SAE; no SAEs appeared to be treatment related. Unstimulated whole saliva flow rate increased to 0.20 and 0.16 mL/minute in the ASC and placebo group, respectively, yielding a 0.05 mL/minute (95% confidence interval: 0.00-0.10; P = 0.051) difference between groups. Patient-reported xerostomia symptoms diminished according to a decreased xerostomia questionnaire summary score of 35.0 and 45.1, respectively [-10.1 (-18.1 to -2.2); P = 0.013]. Three of the visual analog scale xerostomia measures indicated clinical benefit following use of ASC. Conclusions:Our data show that ASC therapy is safe with a clinically relevant effect on xerostomia-related symptoms. Confirmation in larger randomized controlled trials is warranted.

U2 - 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-21-4520

DO - 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-21-4520

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 35486613

AN - SCOPUS:85133384467

VL - 28

SP - 2

EP - 2897

JO - Clinical Cancer Research

JF - Clinical Cancer Research

SN - 1078-0432

IS - 13

ER -