TY - JOUR

T1 - Systemic levels of CCL2, CCL3, CCL4 and CXCL8 differ according to age, time period and season among children newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes and their healthy siblings

AU - Thorsen, S U

AU - Eising, S

AU - Mortensen, H B

AU - Skogstrand, K

AU - Pociot, F

AU - Johannesen, J

AU - Svensson, J

AU - Danish Childhood Diabetes Registry

N1 - © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

PY - 2014/12

Y1 - 2014/12

N2 - The mechanisms by which antigen-specific T cells migrate to the islets of Langerhans in type 1 diabetes (T1D) are largely unknown. Chemokines attract immune cells to sites of inflammation. The aim was to elucidate the role of inflammatory chemokines in T1D at time of diagnosis. From a population-based registry of children diagnosed with T1D from 1997 to 2005, we studied five different inflammatory chemokines (CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5 and CXCL8). Four hundred and eighty-two cases and 479 sibling frequencies matched on age and sample year distribution were included. Patients showed lower levels of CCL4 compared to siblings, but this result was not significant after correction for multiple testing. CCL2, CCL3, CCL4 and CXCL8 levels were highest in the most recent cohorts (P < 0.01) in both patients and siblings. A significant seasonal variation - for most of the chemokines - was demonstrated with the highest level during the summer period in both patients and siblings. In addition, there was a significant inverse relationship between CCL4 levels and age. When comparing patients and siblings, remarkably few differences were identified, but interestingly chemokine levels varied with age, season and period for the entire study population. Such variations should be taken into account when studying chemokines in paediatric populations.

AB - The mechanisms by which antigen-specific T cells migrate to the islets of Langerhans in type 1 diabetes (T1D) are largely unknown. Chemokines attract immune cells to sites of inflammation. The aim was to elucidate the role of inflammatory chemokines in T1D at time of diagnosis. From a population-based registry of children diagnosed with T1D from 1997 to 2005, we studied five different inflammatory chemokines (CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5 and CXCL8). Four hundred and eighty-two cases and 479 sibling frequencies matched on age and sample year distribution were included. Patients showed lower levels of CCL4 compared to siblings, but this result was not significant after correction for multiple testing. CCL2, CCL3, CCL4 and CXCL8 levels were highest in the most recent cohorts (P < 0.01) in both patients and siblings. A significant seasonal variation - for most of the chemokines - was demonstrated with the highest level during the summer period in both patients and siblings. In addition, there was a significant inverse relationship between CCL4 levels and age. When comparing patients and siblings, remarkably few differences were identified, but interestingly chemokine levels varied with age, season and period for the entire study population. Such variations should be taken into account when studying chemokines in paediatric populations.

KW - Adolescent

KW - Age Factors

KW - Autoantibodies

KW - Biological Markers

KW - Case-Control Studies

KW - Chemokine CCL2

KW - Chemokine CCL3

KW - Chemokine CCL4

KW - Child

KW - Child, Preschool

KW - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1

KW - Female

KW - Humans

KW - Infant

KW - Infant, Newborn

KW - Interleukin-8

KW - Male

KW - Registries

KW - Seasons

KW - Sex Factors

KW - Siblings

KW - Time Factors

U2 - 10.1111/sji.12240

DO - 10.1111/sji.12240

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 25201044

VL - 80

SP - 452

EP - 461

JO - Scandinavian Journal of Immunology, Supplement

JF - Scandinavian Journal of Immunology, Supplement

SN - 0301-6323

IS - 6

ER -