Infectivity of blood products from donors with occult hepatitis B virus infection
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Infectivity of blood products from donors with occult hepatitis B virus infection. / Allain, Jean-Pierre; Mihaljevic, Ivanka; Gonzalez-Fraile, Maria Isabel; Gubbe, Knut; Holm-Harritshøj, Lene; Garcia, Jose Maria Garrido; Brojer, Ewa; Erikstrup, Christian; Saniewski, Mona; Wernish, Lorenz; Bianco, Lydia; Ullum, Henrik; Candotti, Daniel; Lelie, Nico; Gerlich, Wolfram H; Chudy, Michael.
In: Transfusion, Vol. 53, No. 7, 07.2013, p. 1405-15.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Infectivity of blood products from donors with occult hepatitis B virus infection
AU - Allain, Jean-Pierre
AU - Mihaljevic, Ivanka
AU - Gonzalez-Fraile, Maria Isabel
AU - Gubbe, Knut
AU - Holm-Harritshøj, Lene
AU - Garcia, Jose Maria Garrido
AU - Brojer, Ewa
AU - Erikstrup, Christian
AU - Saniewski, Mona
AU - Wernish, Lorenz
AU - Bianco, Lydia
AU - Ullum, Henrik
AU - Candotti, Daniel
AU - Lelie, Nico
AU - Gerlich, Wolfram H
AU - Chudy, Michael
N1 - © 2013 American Association of Blood Banks.
PY - 2013/7
Y1 - 2013/7
N2 - BACKGROUND: Occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (OBI) is identified in 1:1000 to 1:50,000 European blood donations. This study intended to determine the infectivity of blood products from OBI donors.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Recipients of previous donations from OBI donors were investigated through lookback (systematic retrieval of recipients) or traceback (triggered by clinical cases). Serologic and genomic studies were undertaken on consenting donors and recipients. Multiple variables potentially affecting infectivity were examined.RESULTS: A total of 45 of 105 (42.9%) donor-recipients pairs carried antibodies to HBV core (anti-HBc) as evidence of previous HBV infection. Subtracting 15% of anti-HBc population background, the adjusted transmission rate was 28%. Anti-HBc prevalence increased to 28 of 44 (63.8%) in unvaccinated recipients receiving anti-HBs-negative OBI blood products. In contrast, four of 26 (15.4%) recipients of anti-HBs-positive products were anti-HBc positive. Transmission with anti-HBs-negative products depended on volume of plasma transfused (85%-100% with 200 mL of fresh frozen plasma [FFP], 51% with 50 mL in platelet concentrates [PCs], and 24% with 20 mL in red blood cells [RBCs], p < 0.0001 FFP vs. RBCs). The 50% minimum infectious dose of OBI HBV DNA was estimated at 1049 (117-3441) copies. Donor and recipient strains sequence homology of at least 99% confirmed transfusion-transmitted infection in 10 cases and excluded it in one case.CONCLUSION: Blood products from donors with OBI carry a high risk of HBV transmission by transfusion. This risk is dependent on presence of anti-HBs and viral dose. This may justify safety measures such as anti-HBc and HBV nucleic acid test screening depending on epidemiology.
AB - BACKGROUND: Occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (OBI) is identified in 1:1000 to 1:50,000 European blood donations. This study intended to determine the infectivity of blood products from OBI donors.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Recipients of previous donations from OBI donors were investigated through lookback (systematic retrieval of recipients) or traceback (triggered by clinical cases). Serologic and genomic studies were undertaken on consenting donors and recipients. Multiple variables potentially affecting infectivity were examined.RESULTS: A total of 45 of 105 (42.9%) donor-recipients pairs carried antibodies to HBV core (anti-HBc) as evidence of previous HBV infection. Subtracting 15% of anti-HBc population background, the adjusted transmission rate was 28%. Anti-HBc prevalence increased to 28 of 44 (63.8%) in unvaccinated recipients receiving anti-HBs-negative OBI blood products. In contrast, four of 26 (15.4%) recipients of anti-HBs-positive products were anti-HBc positive. Transmission with anti-HBs-negative products depended on volume of plasma transfused (85%-100% with 200 mL of fresh frozen plasma [FFP], 51% with 50 mL in platelet concentrates [PCs], and 24% with 20 mL in red blood cells [RBCs], p < 0.0001 FFP vs. RBCs). The 50% minimum infectious dose of OBI HBV DNA was estimated at 1049 (117-3441) copies. Donor and recipient strains sequence homology of at least 99% confirmed transfusion-transmitted infection in 10 cases and excluded it in one case.CONCLUSION: Blood products from donors with OBI carry a high risk of HBV transmission by transfusion. This risk is dependent on presence of anti-HBs and viral dose. This may justify safety measures such as anti-HBc and HBV nucleic acid test screening depending on epidemiology.
KW - Adult
KW - Aged
KW - Blood Donors
KW - Blood Transfusion
KW - Female
KW - Hepatitis B
KW - Hepatitis B Antibodies
KW - Hepatitis B virus
KW - Humans
KW - Male
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Mutation
KW - Risk Factors
KW - Journal Article
KW - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
U2 - 10.1111/trf.12096
DO - 10.1111/trf.12096
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 23362802
VL - 53
SP - 1405
EP - 1415
JO - Transfusion
JF - Transfusion
SN - 0041-1132
IS - 7
ER -
ID: 180570776