We thank Rumrich and colleagues for their interest and correspondence concerning our recently published article investigating the effects of long-term air pollution exposure on Parkinson’s disease (PD) mortality in a large pooled European (ELAPSE project) cohort (Cole-Hunter, 2023). In response, we agree that in general a more careful discussion of results is warranted due to the fact that air pollution as a specific risk factor is under-studied within the context of neurodegenerative diseases; hence, studies such as ours need to be performed albeit with some inherent limitations. Prior to our study, only two studies had examined long-term exposure to air pollution with respect to PD mortality, with one detecting significant positive associations for O3 (Zhao, 2021), and another finding a suggestive positive association for PM2.5 (Rhew et al., 2021). Most studies have examined PD incidence with mixed results (see Supplemental Table S1 of our original article (Cole-Hunter, 2023).