Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Clinical characteristics, risk factors, course, and outcome of disease

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskriftTidsskriftartikelfagfællebedømt

  • Stavroula Anastasopoulou
  • Mats A. Eriksson
  • Mats Heyman
  • Chen Wang
  • Riitta Niinimäki
  • Sirje Mikkel
  • Goda E. Vaitkevičienė
  • Inga Maria Johannsdottir
  • Ida Hed Myrberg
  • Olafur Gisli Jonsson
  • Bodil Als-Nielsen
  • Schmiegelow, K.
  • Joanna Banerjee
  • Arja Harila-Saari
  • Susanna Ranta

Background: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a distinct entity with incompletely known predisposing factors. The aim of this study is to describe the incidence, risk factors, clinical course, and outcome of PRES in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Procedure: Patients aged 1.0 to 17.9 years diagnosed with ALL from July 2008 to December 2015 and treated according to the Nordic Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology (NOPHO) ALL2008 protocol were included. Patients with PRES were identified in the prospective NOPHO leukemia toxicity registry, and clinical data were collected from the medical records. Results: The study group included 1378 patients, of whom 52 met the criteria for PRES. The cumulative incidence of PRES at one month was 1.7% (95% CI, 1.1–2.5) and at one year 3.7% (95% CI, 2.9–4.9). Older age (hazard ratios [HR] for each one-year increase in age 1.1; 95% CI, 1.0–1.2, P = 0.001) and T-cell immunophenotype (HR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.6–5.3, P = 0.0005) were associated with PRES. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement (odds ratios [OR] = 2.8; 95% CI, 1.2–6.5, P = 0.015) was associated with early PRES and high-risk block treatment (HR = 2.63; 95% CI, 1.1–6.4, P = 0.033) with late PRES. At follow-up of the PRES patients, seven patients had epilepsy and seven had neurocognitive difficulties. Conclusion: PRES is a neurotoxicity in the treatment of childhood ALL with both acute and long-term morbidity. Older age, T-cell leukemia, CNS involvement and high-risk block treatment are risk factors for PRES.

OriginalsprogEngelsk
Artikelnummere27594
TidsskriftPediatric Blood & Cancer
Vol/bind66
Udgave nummer5
ISSN1545-5009
DOI
StatusUdgivet - 2019

ID: 215187879