Gravitational effects on intracranial pressure and blood flow regulation in young men: A potential shunting role for the external carotid artery

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskriftTidsskriftartikelfagfællebedømt

We sought to determine whether gravity-induced changes in intracranial pressure influence cerebral blood flow regulation. Accordingly, nine young healthy men were studied while supine (0°) and during mild changes in hydrostatic pressure induced by head-up tilt at +20° and +10° (HUT+20 and HUT+10) and head-down tilt at -20° and -10° (HDT-20, HDT-10). Blood flows were measured in the internal and external carotid and vertebral arteries (ICA, ECA, and VA). Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured as an indicator of hydrostatic changes in intracranial pressure. A posture change from HUT+20 to HDT-20 increased IOP by +5.1 + 1.9 mmHg (P M< 0.001) and ECA blood flow (from 61.7 + 26.1 to 87.6 + 46.4 mL/min, P = 0.004) but did not affect ICA (P = 0.528) or VA (P = 0.101) blood flow. The increase in ECA flow correlated with the tilt angle and resultant changes in intracranial pressures (by IOP), thus indicating a passive hydrostatic gravitational dependence (r = 0.371, P = 0.012). On the contrary, ICA flow remained constant and thus well protected against moderate orthostatic stress. When ICA flow was corrected for the gravitational changes in intracranial pressures (by IOP), it demonstrated the same magnitude of gravitational dependence as ECA. These findings suggest that passive hydrostatic increases in intracranial pressure outbalance the concurrent increase in arterial feeding pressure to the brain and thus prevent cerebral hyperperfusion during HDT. The mechanism for maintaining constant cerebral flow was by increased ECA flow, thus supporting the role of these vascular beds as a shunting pathway.

OriginalsprogEngelsk
TidsskriftJournal of Applied Physiology
Vol/bind129
Udgave nummer4
Sider (fra-til)901-908
Antal sider8
ISSN8750-7587
DOI
StatusUdgivet - 2020

Bibliografisk note

Funding Information:
This study was supported, in part, by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (Grant No. 15H003098) from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology and the Novo Nordic Foundation (Grant No. NNF15OC0019196). J.F.R.P. is funded by the Health Research Council of New Zealand. T.W. is a Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 the American Physiological Society

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