TY - CHAP

T1 - Football for promotion of bone health across the lifespan

AU - Vlachopoulos, Dimitris

AU - Williams, Craig A

AU - Helge, Eva Wulff

AU - Aagaard, Per

AU - Jørgensen, Niklas Rye

AU - Krustrup, Peter

N1 - CURIS 2020 NEXS 168

PY - 2020

Y1 - 2020

N2 - The prevalence of osteoporosis and fragility fractures is expected to increase due to the increasing life expectancy of the population worldwide. Determinants of osteoporosis include the genetic predisposition and environmental factors, such as exercise and diet, which can affect peak bone mass attainment. Peak bone mass is achieved between the second and third decade of life, with 80–90% acquired by late adolescence followed by a decrease of ~1% annually from the fifth decade of life. Weight-bearing exercise has an important role on bone development and maintenance of skeletal bone mass due to the mechanical loads produced and the repetitive forces applied on the skeleton. Football includes a wide variety of intermittent high-intensity movements which produce large ground reaction forces. Cross-sectional, longitudinal and randomised controlled trials provide evidence that football exercise can have positive effects on bone development and structure in both male and female children and adolescents. During adulthood, football participation can maintain and improve bone health in young, middle-aged and older men and women, including various clinical patient groups with evidence indicating structural, cellular and clinically relevant bone adaptations. The skeletal benefits are site-specific and adaptations are observed particularly at the skeletal regions stimulated by mechanical loads. In summary, it is concluded that football participation is an effective strategy to promote bone health during childhood, adolescence and in adulthood.

AB - The prevalence of osteoporosis and fragility fractures is expected to increase due to the increasing life expectancy of the population worldwide. Determinants of osteoporosis include the genetic predisposition and environmental factors, such as exercise and diet, which can affect peak bone mass attainment. Peak bone mass is achieved between the second and third decade of life, with 80–90% acquired by late adolescence followed by a decrease of ~1% annually from the fifth decade of life. Weight-bearing exercise has an important role on bone development and maintenance of skeletal bone mass due to the mechanical loads produced and the repetitive forces applied on the skeleton. Football includes a wide variety of intermittent high-intensity movements which produce large ground reaction forces. Cross-sectional, longitudinal and randomised controlled trials provide evidence that football exercise can have positive effects on bone development and structure in both male and female children and adolescents. During adulthood, football participation can maintain and improve bone health in young, middle-aged and older men and women, including various clinical patient groups with evidence indicating structural, cellular and clinically relevant bone adaptations. The skeletal benefits are site-specific and adaptations are observed particularly at the skeletal regions stimulated by mechanical loads. In summary, it is concluded that football participation is an effective strategy to promote bone health during childhood, adolescence and in adulthood.

U2 - 10.4324/9780429284892

DO - 10.4324/9780429284892

M3 - Book chapter

SN - 9780367248888

SP - 41

EP - 57

BT - Football as Medicine

A2 - Krustrup, Peter

A2 - Parnell, Daniel

PB - Routledge

CY - London

ER -