Chromosome-scale assembly and whole-genome sequencing of 266 giant panda roundworms provide insights into their evolution, adaptation and potential drug targets

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  • Lei Han
  • Tianming Lan
  • Desheng Li
  • Haimeng Li
  • Linhua Deng
  • Zhiwei Peng
  • Shaowen He
  • Yanqiang Zhou
  • Ruobing Han
  • Lingling Li
  • Yaxian Lu
  • Haorong Lu
  • Qing Wang
  • Shangchen Yang
  • Yixin Zhu
  • Yunting Huang
  • Xiaofang Cheng
  • Jieyao Yu
  • Yulong Wang
  • Heting Sun
  • Hongliang Chai
  • Huanming Yang
  • Xun Xu
  • Quan Liu
  • Zhijun Hou

Helminth diseases have long been a threat to the health of humans and animals. Roundworms are important organisms for studying parasitic mechanisms, disease transmission and prevention. The study of parasites in the giant panda is of importance for understanding how roundworms adapt to the host. Here, we report a high-quality chromosome-scale genome of Baylisascaris schroederi with a genome size of 253.60 Mb and 19,262 predicted protein-coding genes. We found that gene families related to epidermal chitin synthesis and environmental information processes in the roundworm genome have expanded significantly. Furthermore, we demonstrated unique genes involved in essential amino acid metabolism in the B. schroederi genome, inferred to be essential for the adaptation to the giant panda-specific diet. In addition, under different deworming pressures, we found that four resistance-related genes (glc-1, nrf-6, bre-4 and ced-7) were under strong positive selection in a captive population. Finally, 23 known drug targets and 47 potential drug target proteins were identified. The genome provides a unique reference for inferring the early evolution of roundworms and their adaptation to the host. Population genetic analysis and drug sensitivity prediction provide insights revealing the impact of deworming history on population genetic structure of importance for disease prevention.

OriginalsprogEngelsk
TidsskriftMolecular Ecology Resources
Vol/bind22
Udgave nummer2
Sider (fra-til)768-785
Antal sider18
ISSN1755-098X
DOI
StatusUdgivet - 2022

Bibliografisk note

Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Key R&D Programme (no. 2017YFD0501702), Open Project of Key Laboratory of SFGA on Conservation Biology of Rare Animals in The Giant Panda National Park (CCRCGP, no. 2020004), Forestry science and technology research project (no. 20180302), the Pearl River Talent Recruitment Programme in Guangdong Province (2019CX01N111), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (no. 2572020AA30) of China, the Foundation of Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration (State Park Administration) on Conservation Biology of Rare Animals in the Giant Panda National Park (no. KLSFGAGP2020.002), and the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genome Read and Write (grant no. 2017B030301011).

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Authors. Molecular Ecology Resources published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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