Ethnic Differences in Insulin Sensitivity, β-Cell Function, and Hepatic Extraction Between Japanese and Caucasians: A Minimal Model Analysis
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CONTEXT: Ethnic differences have previously been reported for type 2 diabetes.
OBJECTIVE: We aimed at assessing the potential differences between Caucasian and Japanese subjects ranging from normal glucose tolerance (NGT) to impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and to type 2 diabetes.
DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional study with oral glucose tolerance tests to assess β-cell function, hepatic insulin extraction, and insulin sensitivity.
PARTICIPANTS: PARTICIPANTS included 120 Japanese and 150 Caucasian subjects.
MAIN OUTCOMES: Measures of β-cell function, hepatic extraction, and insulin sensitivity were assessed using C-peptide, glucose, and insulin minimal models.
RESULTS: Basal β-cell function (Φ(b)) was lower in Japanese compared with Caucasians (P < .01). In subjects with IGT, estimates of the dynamic (Φ(d)) and static (Φ(s)) β-cell responsiveness were significantly lower in the Japanese compared with Caucasians (P < .05). In contrast, values of insulin action showed higher sensitivity in the Japanese IGT subjects. Hepatic extraction was similar in NGT and IGT groups but higher in Japanese type 2 diabetic subjects (P < .01). Despite differences in insulin sensitivity, β-cell function, and hepatic extraction, the disposition indices were similar between the 2 ethnic groups at all glucose tolerance states. Furthermore, the overall insulin sensitivity and β-cell responsiveness for all glucose tolerance states were similar in Japanese and Caucasians after accounting for differences in body mass index.
CONCLUSION: Our study provides evidence for a similar ability of Japanese and Caucasians to compensate for increased insulin resistance.
Original language | English |
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Journal | The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism |
Volume | 99 |
Issue number | 11 |
Pages (from-to) | 4273-4280 |
Number of pages | 8 |
ISSN | 0021-972X |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Nov 2014 |
- Adult, Aged, Asian Continental Ancestry Group, Blood Glucose, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, European Continental Ancestry Group, Female, Glucose Intolerance, Glucose Tolerance Test, Humans, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Insulin-Secreting Cells, Japan, Liver, Male, Middle Aged
Research areas
ID: 137628054