Pancreatic beta-cell function is a stronger predictor of changes in glycemic control after an aerobic exercise intervention than insulin sensitivity

Research output: Contribution to journalJournal articlepeer-review

  • Thomas Solomon
  • Steven K Malin
  • Kristian Karstoft
  • Sangeeta R Kashyap
  • Jacob M Haus
  • John P Kirwan
ContextUnderstanding inter-subject variability in glycemic control following exercise training will help individualize treatment.ObjectiveTo determine whether this variability is related to training-induced changes in insulin sensitivity or pancreatic beta-cell function.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsAn observational clinical study of N=105 subjects with impaired glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes.Interventions and Main Outcome MeasuresIndividual subject changes in fitness (VO2max), glycemia (HbA1c, fasting glucose, OGTT), insulin sensitivity (Si; hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp), oral glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), and disposition index (DI) were measured following 12-16-weeks of aerobic exercise training. Regression analyses were used to identify relationships between variables.ResultsFollowing training, 86% of subjects increased VO2max and lost weight. HbA1c, fasting glucose, and 2-hour OGTT glucose, were reduced in 69%, 62%, and 68% of subjects respectively; while Si improved in 90% of the participants. Changes in glycemic control were congruent with changes in GSIS such that 66% of subjects had a reduction in first-phase GSIS, and 46% had reduced second-phase GSIS. Training increased first- and second-phase DI in 83% and 74% of subjects. Training-induced changes in glycemic control were related to changes in GSIS (P
Original languageEnglish
JournalJournal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
Volume98
Issue number10
Pages (from-to)4176-4186
Number of pages11
ISSN0021-972X
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 21 Aug 2013

ID: 49898695